What Are the Key Tables Used in SAP FICO for Financial Reporting?
In SAP FICO (Financial Accounting and Controlling), financial reporting is driven by a robust set of tables that store transactional and master data. These tables play a crucial role in capturing, storing, and processing financial data within an organization. Understanding these tables is vital for any SAP FICO consultant or end-user aiming to generate accurate financial statements and ensure data integrity.
Whether it’s for balance sheets, profit and loss statements, cost center reports, or audit trails, SAP uses a series of interlinked tables that form the backbone of financial reporting. Professionals seeking hands-on expertise through SAP FICO Training in Hyderabad are introduced to these key tables to gain a functional and technical understanding of the system.
Let’s explore some of the most critical tables used in financial reporting in SAP FICO:
- BKPF – Accounting Document Header
BKPF is the header table for all financial accounting documents. It contains essential document information such as:
- Document number
- Company code
- Fiscal year
- Document type
- Posting date
Every financial document (e.g., journal entries, vendor invoices) has a single record in BKPF. Since it holds the metadata of the document, it acts as a primary entry point when querying for document-related data.
- BSEG – Accounting Document Segment
BSEG is one of the most important line item tables in SAP. It stores detailed line-level data for each financial transaction, including:
- GL account
- Amount in local and foreign currency
- Debit/credit indicators
- Tax codes
- Cost centers and profit centers
Each line item in a document gets a separate entry in BSEG, and it is always linked to BKPF via the document number and fiscal year. Financial reports often pull both header and line-level details using these two core tables.
- BSID and BSAD – Customer Line Items
BSID stores open items for customers (accounts receivable), while BSAD stores cleared customer items. These tables are critical when analyzing customer balances, aging reports, and dunning processes.
BSID and BSAD allow financial users to track:
- Invoice due dates
- Payment receipts
- Outstanding balances
They are widely used in customer-related reporting and AR reconciliation processes.
- BSIK and BSAK – Vendor Line Items
Similar to customer data, BSIK and BSAK tables store open and cleared items for vendors (accounts payable). These tables are used in supplier statement reconciliation, payment analysis, and aging reports.
They include data like:
- Vendor numbers
- Invoice amounts
- Payment references
- Due dates
- FAGLFLEXT – General Ledger Totals
In the New General Ledger (New GL), FAGLFLEXT is the totals table that provides summarized data by:
- GL account
- Cost center
- Profit center
- Functional area
- Segment
It is particularly important for generating financial statements such as balance sheets and profit and loss reports. With real-time integration of accounting and controlling, this table replaces the classical GL totals table (GLT0) in systems using New GL.
- COEP – Controlling Line Items
In the Controlling (CO) module, COEP stores line item data for internal postings such as:
- Cost center expenses
- Internal orders
- Assessments and distributions
It is a detailed table for all actual postings and is widely used in managerial accounting reports.
- COSS and COSP – Plan and Actual Costs
These tables are used in cost accounting:
- COSS: Stores planned costs (statistical figures)
- COSP: Stores actual costs
They are essential in variance analysis, budgeting, and internal cost control reporting.
- SKA1 and SKB1 – GL Master Data Tables
- SKA1: Contains general GL account master data at the chart of accounts level.
- SKB1: Stores company code-specific GL account data.
These tables help in controlling which accounts are available for posting and how those accounts behave (e.g., open item management, tax category).
- LFA1 and KNA1 – Vendor and Customer Master Tables
- LFA1: Holds general vendor master data.
- KNA1: Contains general customer master data.
Although not used directly in reporting, these tables support reports by linking transactional data with master data such as names, payment terms, or reconciliation accounts.
- T001 – Company Code Configuration
T001 is a configuration table that stores basic company code information such as currency, chart of accounts, fiscal year variant, and address. It is often used in reports to add context to financial data, especially in consolidated reporting across company codes.
Importance of Knowing These Tables
Financial reporting often involves extracting data from these tables using standard SAP reports, ABAP queries, or external tools like SAP BW or SAP Analytics Cloud. Understanding the structure and relationships among these tables is essential for building accurate and customized reports.
During SAP FICO Course in Hyderabad, learners are typically guided through how to navigate, interpret, and extract data from these tables, along with learning how to use SAP transaction codes like SE16N, SE11, or custom reports for reporting and analysis.
Conclusion: Why Version IT Is the Right Choice for SAP FICO Training
If you’re aiming to master financial reporting and become proficient with SAP FICO tables, Version IT in Hyderabad is the ideal training institute. Recognized as one of the top providers for SAP education in the region, Version IT offers:
- Comprehensive Curriculum: Covering all core and advanced FICO concepts, including real-time data extraction and reporting practices.
- Hands-On Training: Live system access with practical sessions that let you work directly on financial tables like BKPF, BSEG, and FAGLFLEXT.
- Expert Faculty: Trainers with real-world consulting backgrounds and years of industry experience.
- Placement Assistance: Support in resume building, mock interviews, and job connections with top companies.
By enrolling at Version IT, learners not only gain strong technical knowledge but also the confidence to work on complex financial processes in any industry. Whether you’re aiming for a career in India or globally, Version IT prepares you to become a capable SAP FICO professional with deep functional and technical insights.